X-RAY OF MANDIBLE

X-RAY OF MANDIBLE

X-ray  Mandible A/P view

Mandible PA (Body)

Region: mandibular body, temporomandibular joint

Pathology: fracture of mandibular body, dislocation of temporomandibular joint

SID: 100 cm (40 inches)

Central Ray: perpendicular beam directed at the acanthion

Respiration: suspended

Position: 

1. The patient is placed in an erect position, in a sitting position or in a prone position.
2. Align the midsagittal plane (MSP) of head to the vertical axis of the IR crossing the center of the image receptor (IR).
3. Flex the cervical vertebrae enough to align the orbitomeatal line (OML) perpendicular to the IR.
4. Place the acanthion at the center of the IR.

Collimation: Include the entire structure of mandible from condylar process to mentum.

Evaluation: 

1. Mandible should not be rotated and the bilateral condylar process should be shown symmetrically.
2. The superimposition of the condylar process and the coronoid process of mandible should be observed.

kVp: 75, mAs: 12

Tip

1. Support the table with hands or use tie-down to prevent the head from moving.
2. Condylar process appears to be shorter and mandibular body appears to be wider compared to Mandible PA (Rami) Projection.
3. It is hard to maintain the pose for patient; the inspection must be done in a short time.

X-ray  Mandible Lateral View

Mandible Axiolateral

Region: mandibular rami

Pathology: fracture of mandibular rami, dislocation of temporomandibular joint

SID: 100 cm (40 inches)

Central Ray: beam directed at the mandibular ramus with 20~25°cephalic angulation

Respiration: suspended

Position: 1. The patient is either in an erect position or in a semi-prone position.

2. Adjust head to align the Interpapillary Line (IPL) perpendicular to the IR and to align themidsagittal plane (MSP) parallel to the IR.

3. Hold the chin up to avoid the superimposition of the mandible and the cervical vertebrae.

4. Place the mandibular body at the center of the IR and place the patient's ear firmly on the IR.

Collimation: Include the entire structures of mandible from condylar process to mentum.

Evaluation: 

1. Mandible should be tilted and the target mandible should be shown below the nontarget mandible.

2. Condylar process and coronoid process must be clearly distinguishable.

3. Temporomandibular joint consisted of the bilateral condylar process of the mandible and mandibular fossa must be observable.

kVp: 70, mAs: 20

Tip: 

1. Mandibular body is observed more clearly from Mandible Axiolateral Projection.

2. It is hard to maintain the pose for patient; the inspection must be done in a short time.

 

X-ray  Mandible Oblique View

Mandible Axiolateral Oblique

Region: mandible, mandibular body, mentum

Pathology: fracture of mandibular rami, dislocation of temporomandibular joint

SID: 100 cm (40 inches)

Central Ray: beam directed at the mandibular body with 20~25°cephalic angulation

Respiration: suspended

Position: 

1. The patient is either in an erect position or in a semi-prone position.
2. Adjust head to align the Interpapillary Line (IPL) perpendicular to the IR and to align the midsagittal plane (MSP) parallel to the IR.
3. Hold the chin up to avoid the superimposition of the mandible and the cervical vertebrae.
4. Depending on the inspecting area, rotate the head 15° ~ 45° to the IR.
5. Place the mandibular body at the center of the IR and place the patient's ear firmly on the IR.

Collimation: Include the entire structures of mandible from condylar process to mentum.

Evaluation: 

1. Mandible should not be rotated and the bilateral condylar process should be shown symmetrically.
2. Condylar process and coronoid process must be clearly distinguishable.

kVp: 70, mAs: 20

Tip:

1. As the rotation angle of mandible increases, mandibular body is observed wider and wider.
2. If mandibular ramus is inspecting area, rotate 0°, 15° for geneal maxillary filming, 30° for mandibular body and 45° for mentum.